Under the journal’s registration policy, the creation of a new user account requires prior verification of an ORCID account. Since all authors are required to provide an ORCID identifier, no author account may be created without first completing this verification.

Any unverified ORCID identifiers that may appear in the journal’s records correspond to submissions or user accounts originating from earlier versions of OJS, when ORCID verification was not yet required. In the case of articles published in 2026, they may also correspond to submissions received before this policy came into effect and that remained in the editorial process.